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從 Protractor 遷移

遷移原則​

Cheat Sheet​

ProtractorPlaywright Test
element(by.buttonText('...'))page.locator('button, input[type="button"], input[type="submit"] >> text="..."')
element(by.css('...'))page.locator('...')
element(by.cssContainingText('..1..', '..2..'))page.locator('..1.. >> text=..2..')
element(by.id('...'))page.locator('#...')
element(by.model('...'))page.locator('[ng-model="..."]')
element(by.repeater('...'))page.locator('[ng-repeat="..."]')
element(by.xpath('...'))page.locator('xpath=...')
element.allpage.locator
browser.get(url)await page.goto(url)
browser.getCurrentUrl()page.url()

範例​

Protractor:

describe('angularjs homepage todo list', function() {
  it('should add a todo', function() {
    browser.get('https://angularjs.org');

    element(by.model('todoList.todoText')).sendKeys('first test');
    element(by.css('[value="add"]')).click();

    const todoList = element.all(by.repeater('todo in todoList.todos'));
    expect(todoList.count()).toEqual(3);
    expect(todoList.get(2).getText()).toEqual('first test');

    // You wrote your first test, cross it off the list
    todoList.get(2).element(by.css('input')).click();
    const completedAmount = element.all(by.css('.done-true'));
    expect(completedAmount.count()).toEqual(2);
  });
});

逐行遷移到 Playwright Test:

const { test, expect } = require('@playwright/test'); // 1

test.describe('angularjs homepage todo list', () => {
  test('should add a todo', async ({ page }) => { // 2, 3
    await page.goto('https://angularjs.org'); // 4

    await page.locator('[ng-model="todoList.todoText"]').fill('first test');
    await page.locator('[value="add"]').click();

    const todoList = page.locator('[ng-repeat="todo in todoList.todos"]'); // 5
    await expect(todoList).toHaveCount(3);
    await expect(todoList.nth(2)).toHaveText('first test', {
      useInnerText: true,
    });

    // You wrote your first test, cross it off the list
    await todoList.nth(2).getByRole('textbox').click();
    const completedAmount = page.locator('.done-true');
    await expect(completedAmount).toHaveCount(2);
  });
});

遷移重點 (請參閱 Playwright Test 程式碼片段中的內嵌註釋):

  1. 每個 Playwright 測試文件都有明確的 test 和 expect 函式匯入
  2. 測試函式標記為 async
  3. Playwright 測試給定一個 page 作為其參數之一。這是 Playwright 測試中許多有用的 fixtures之一。
  4. 幾乎所有的 Playwright 呼叫都以 await 為前綴
  5. 使用 page.locator() 建立定位器是少數同步的方法之一。

Polyfilling waitForAngular​

Playwright Test 有內建的自動等待，這使得 protractor 的waitForAngular在一般情況下不再需要。

然而，它可能在某些邊緣情況下派上用場。以下是如何在 Playwright Test 中填補 waitForAngular 函式:

  1. 確保你在 package.json 中安裝了 protractor

  2. Polyfill function

    async function waitForAngular(page) {
      const clientSideScripts = require('protractor/built/clientsidescripts.js');

      async function executeScriptAsync(page, script, ...scriptArgs) {
        await page.evaluate(`
          new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
            const callback = (errMessage) => {
              if (errMessage)
                reject(new Error(errMessage));
              else
                resolve();
            };
            (function() {${script}}).apply(null, [...${JSON.stringify(scriptArgs)}, callback]);
          })
        `);
      }

      await executeScriptAsync(page, clientSideScripts.waitForAngular, '');
    }

    如果你不想保留一個版本的 protractor，你也可以使用這個更簡單的方法（僅適用於 Angular 2+）:

    async function waitForAngular(page) {
      await page.evaluate(async () => {
        // @ts-expect-error
        if (window.getAllAngularTestabilities) {
          // @ts-expect-error
          await Promise.all(window.getAllAngularTestabilities().map(whenStable));
          // @ts-expect-error
          async function whenStable(testability) {
            return new Promise(res => testability.whenStable(res));
          }
        }
      });
    }

  3. Polyfill usage

    const page = await context.newPage();
    await page.goto('https://example.org');
    await waitForAngular(page);

Playwright Test 超能力​

一旦你使用 Playwright 測試，你會獲得很多！

  • 完整的零配置 TypeScript 支援
  • 在所有網頁引擎（Chrome、Firefox、Safari）上，於任何流行的作業系統（Windows、macOS、Ubuntu）上執行測試
  • 完整支援多個來源，(i)frames、分頁和上下文
  • 在多個瀏覽器中平行執行測試
  • 內建測試 artifact collection

你還會獲得所有這些 ✨ 很棒的工具 ✨，這些工具與 Playwright Test 一起捆綁提供:

延伸閱讀​

了解更多關於 Playwright 測試執行器: